Carol Dweck, author of Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, highlights in her research on GROWth mindset vs FIXED mindset, the best practice of honoring both effort and skill. Her scholarly work states that it is through our effort and our purposeful practice that skill and ability GROW. Music educators know that skills are made through the making of the music,...the effort,...the skill practice,....and, time with the music. We also know that in the elementary world, instructional time is